Raku mandates that type constraints written into the program are enforced at runtime at latest. How that promise is kept is up to the compiler and runtime implementer. I’ll discuss how the Rakudo (compiler) and MoarVM (runtime) pairing does it, because that’s what I’ve worked on. The initial compilation itself does rather little in terms … Read more
Another thing you have to understand about the lack of optimization is that it’s compounded. A large portion of Rakudo is written in Perl 6. So for example the [+] operator is implemented by the method Any.reduce (called with $expression set to &infix:<+>), which has as its inner loop for @.list { @args.push($_); if (@args … Read more
There is no perl6, and there are many Perl 6 compilers. Perl 6 has a grammar, although it’s written in Perl 6, so as long as you can understand that, it tells you everything you need to know. I just asked Larry this question, since I’m sitting across from him at lunch at the São … Read more
=:= tests if two containers (variables or items of arrays or hashes) are aliased, ie if one changes, does the other change as well? my $x; my @a = 1, 2, 3; # $x =:= @a[0] is false $x := @a[0]; # now $x == 1, and $x =:= @a[0] is true $x = 4; … Read more
Ideally, we would like to have two operations div and mod, satisfying, for each b>0: (a div b) * b + (a mod b) = a 0 <= (a mod b) < b (-a) div b = -(a div b) This is, however, a mathematical impossibility. If all the above were true, we would have … Read more