You can get some information : From Martin Fowler about Mock and Stub Fake objects actually have working implementations, but usually take some shortcut which makes them not suitable for production Stubs provide canned answers to calls made during the test, usually not responding at all to anything outside what’s programmed in for the test. … Read more
A parameter is a variable in a method definition. When a method is called, the arguments are the data you pass into the method’s parameters. public void MyMethod(string myParam) { } … string myArg1 = “this is my argument”; myClass.MyMethod(myArg1);
A declaration introduces an identifier and describes its type, be it a type, object, or function. A declaration is what the compiler needs to accept references to that identifier. These are declarations: extern int bar; extern int g(int, int); double f(int, double); // extern can be omitted for function declarations class foo; // no extern … Read more
In terms of source control, you’re downstream when you copy (clone, checkout, etc) from a repository. Information flowed “downstream” to you. When you make changes, you usually want to send them back “upstream” so they make it into that repository so that everyone pulling from the same source is working with all the same changes. … Read more
A library performs specific, well-defined operations. A framework is a skeleton where the application defines the “meat” of the operation by filling out the skeleton. The skeleton still has code to link up the parts but the most important work is done by the application. Examples of libraries: Network protocols, compression, image manipulation, string utilities, … Read more
POSIX is a family of standards, specified by the IEEE, to clarify and make uniform the application programming interfaces (and ancillary issues, such as commandline shell utilities) provided by Unix-y operating systems. When you write your programs to rely on POSIX standards, you can be pretty sure to be able to port them easily among … Read more
If you want to get a feel for FRP, you could start with the old Fran tutorial from 1998, which has animated illustrations. For papers, start with Functional Reactive Animation and then follow up on links on the publications link on my home page and the FRP link on the Haskell wiki. Personally, I like … Read more
Hmm, not sure I agree with Nick re tag being similar to a branch. A tag is just a marker Trunk would be the main body of development, originating from the start of the project until the present. Branch will be a copy of code derived from a certain point in the trunk that is … Read more
A race condition occurs when two or more threads can access shared data and they try to change it at the same time. Because the thread scheduling algorithm can swap between threads at any time, you don’t know the order in which the threads will attempt to access the shared data. Therefore, the result of … Read more
First: The term monad is a bit vacuous if you are not a mathematician. An alternative term is computation builder which is a bit more descriptive of what they are actually useful for. They are a pattern for chaining operations. It looks a bit like method chaining in object-oriented languages, but the mechanism is slightly … Read more