useNavigate() may be used only in the context of a component

This error throws in useNavigate. useInRouterContext will check if the component(which uses useNavigate hook) is a descendant of a <Router>. If the component is not a descendant of the <Router> component, it will throw this error.

Here’s the source code to explain why you can’t use useNavigate, useLocation outside of the Router component:

useNavigate uses useLocation underly, useLocation will get the location from LocationContext provider. If you want to get the react context, you should render the component as the descendant of a context provider.
Router component use the LocationContext.Provider and NavigationContext.Provider. That’s why you need to render the component as the children, so that useNavigate hook can get the context data from NavigationContext and LocationContext providers.

Your environment is browser, so you need to use BrowserRouter. BrowserRouter is built based on Router.

Refactor to this:

App.jsx:

function App() {
  const navigate = useNavigate();
  return (
      <div>
        <button onClick={() => navigate(-1)}>go back</button>
        <Nav/>
        <Routes>
          <Route exact path="/" element={<Home/>}/>
          <Route exact path="/home" element={<Home/>}/>
          <Route exact path="/upcoming/:user" element={<Upcoming/>}/>
          <Route exact path="/record/:user" element={<Record/>}/>
          <Route path="*" element={<NotFound/>}/>
        </Routes>
      </div>
  );
}

index.jsx:

import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import { BrowserRouter } from 'react-router-dom';
import App from './App';

ReactDOM.render(
  <BrowserRouter>
    <App/>
  </BrowserRouter>,
  document.getElementById('root')
)