How do you create nested dict in Python?

A nested dict is a dictionary within a dictionary. A very simple thing. >>> d = {} >>> d[‘dict1’] = {} >>> d[‘dict1’][‘innerkey’] = ‘value’ >>> d[‘dict1’][‘innerkey2’] = ‘value2’ >>> d {‘dict1’: {‘innerkey’: ‘value’, ‘innerkey2’: ‘value2’}} You can also use a defaultdict from the collections package to facilitate creating nested dictionaries. >>> import collections >>> … Read more

What does from __future__ import absolute_import actually do?

The changelog is sloppily worded. from __future__ import absolute_import does not care about whether something is part of the standard library, and import string will not always give you the standard-library module with absolute imports on. from __future__ import absolute_import means that if you import string, Python will always look for a top-level string module, … Read more

Why is early return slower than else?

This is a pure guess, and I haven’t figured out an easy way to check whether it is right, but I have a theory for you. I tried your code and get the same of results, without_else() is repeatedly slightly slower than with_else(): >>> T(lambda : without_else()).repeat() [0.42015745017874906, 0.3188967452567226, 0.31984281521812363] >>> T(lambda : with_else()).repeat() [0.36009842032996175, … Read more

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