How does the C# compiler detect COM types?

By no means am I an expert in this, but I stumbled recently on what I think you want: the CoClass attribute class. [System.Runtime.InteropServices.CoClass(typeof(Test))] public interface Dummy { } A coclass supplies concrete implementation(s) of one or more interfaces. In COM, such concrete implementations can be written in any programming language that supports COM component … Read more

What is difference between sjlj vs dwarf vs seh?

There’s a short overview at MinGW-w64 Wiki: Why doesn’t mingw-w64 gcc support Dwarf-2 Exception Handling? The Dwarf-2 EH implementation for Windows is not designed at all to work under 64-bit Windows applications. In win32 mode, the exception unwind handler cannot propagate through non-dw2 aware code, this means that any exception going through any non-dw2 aware … Read more

How was the first compiler written?

Assembly instructions are (generally) a direct mapping to opcodes, which are (multi-)byte values of machine code that can be directly interpreted by the processor. It is quite possible to write a program in opcodes directly by looking them up from a table (such as this one for the 6039 microprocessor, for example) that lists them … Read more

How are GCC and g++ bootstrapped?

The oldest version of GCC was compiled using another C compiler, since there were others when it was written. The very first C compiler ever (ca. 1973, IIRC) was implemented either in PDP-11 assembly, or in the B programming language which preceded it, but in any case the B compiler was written in assembly. Similarly, … Read more

Parse a .py file, read the AST, modify it, then write back the modified source code

Pythoscope does this to the test cases it automatically generates as does the 2to3 tool for python 2.6 (it converts python 2.x source into python 3.x source). Both these tools uses the lib2to3 library which is an implementation of the python parser/compiler machinery that can preserve comments in source when it’s round tripped from source … Read more

It is more efficient to use if-return-return or if-else-return?

Since the return statement terminates the execution of the current function, the two forms are equivalent (although the second one is arguably more readable than the first). The efficiency of both forms is comparable, the underlying machine code has to perform a jump if the if condition is false anyway. Note that Python supports a … Read more

Hata!: SQLSTATE[HY000] [1045] Access denied for user 'divattrend_liink'@'localhost' (using password: YES)