I just went through the character map to get these. They are all in Calibri. Number Name HTML Code Appearance —— ——————– ——— ———- U+2000 En Quad   “ ” U+2001 Em Quad   “ ” U+2002 En Space   “ ” U+2003 Em Space   “ ” U+2004 Three-Per-Em Space   “ ” U+2005 Four-Per-Em … Read more
The maximum number of bytes per character is 4 according to RFC3629 which limited the character table to U+10FFFF: In UTF-8, characters from the U+0000..U+10FFFF range (the UTF-16 accessible range) are encoded using sequences of 1 to 4 octets. (The original specification allowed for up to six byte character codes for code points past U+10FFFF.) … Read more
with open(filename) as f: while True: c = f.read(1) if not c: print(“End of file”) break print(“Read a character:”, c)
This depends on your OS, if you are in a UNIX like environment the ICANON flag is enabled by default, so input is buffered until the next ‘\n’ or EOF. By disabling the canonical mode you will get the characters immediately. This is also possible on other platforms, but there is no straight forward cross-platform … Read more
Actually, ‘\n’ should be the default. Unless you want to also explicitly flush the stream (and when and why would you want to do that?), there is no need to use std::endl at all.1 Of course, many books and tutorials use std::endl as the default. That is unfortunate and might lead to serious performance bugs. … Read more
There are reserved characters, that have a reserved meanings, those are delimiters — :/?#[]@ — and subdelimiters — !$&'()*+,;= There is also a set of characters called unreserved characters — alphanumerics and -._~ — which are not to be encoded. That means, that anything that doesn’t belong to unreserved characters set is supposed to be … Read more
Here is a visual cue how much 1024 or 4096 are. Read @Jon Snyder’s message to get a better understanding. 1024 Characters (Assuming Characters have 4 bytes): Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec … Read more
This is a great use for a custom generator: Python 2: def char_range(c1, c2): “””Generates the characters from `c1` to `c2`, inclusive.””” for c in xrange(ord(c1), ord(c2)+1): yield chr(c) then: for c in char_range(‘a’, ‘z’): print c Python 3: def char_range(c1, c2): “””Generates the characters from `c1` to `c2`, inclusive.””” for c in range(ord(c1), ord(c2)+1): … Read more
You can use a slice expression on a string to get the last three bytes. s := “12121211122” first3 := s[0:3] last3 := s[len(s)-3:] Or if you’re using unicode you can do something like: s := []rune(“世界世界世界”) first3 := string(s[0:3]) last3 := string(s[len(s)-3:]) Check Strings, bytes, runes and characters in Go and Slice Tricks.
There are many ways to do this. You could use wildcards in double brackets: str=”/some/directory/file” if [[ $str == /* ]]; then echo 1; else echo 0; fi You can use substring expansion: if [[ ${str:0:1} == “/” ]] ; then echo 1; else echo 0; fi Or a regex: if [[ $str =~ ^/ … Read more