In C# 5 and earlier, to give auto implemented properties an initial value, you have to do it in a constructor. Since C# 6.0, you can specify initial value in-line. The syntax is: public int X { get; set; } = x; // C# 6 or higher DefaultValueAttribute is intended to be used by the … Read more
Overview Why do we need the copy-and-swap idiom? Any class that manages a resource (a wrapper, like a smart pointer) needs to implement The Big Three. While the goals and implementation of the copy-constructor and destructor are straightforward, the copy-assignment operator is arguably the most nuanced and difficult. How should it be done? What pitfalls … Read more
The Random class is used to create random numbers. (Pseudo-random that is of course.). Example: Random rnd = new Random(); int month = rnd.Next(1, 13); // creates a number between 1 and 12 int dice = rnd.Next(1, 7); // creates a number between 1 and 6 int card = rnd.Next(52); // creates a number between … Read more
??! is a trigraph that translates to |. So it says: !ErrorHasOccured() || HandleError(); which, due to short circuiting, is equivalent to: if (ErrorHasOccured()) HandleError(); Guru of the Week (deals with C++ but relevant here), where I picked this up. Possible origin of trigraphs or as @DwB points out in the comments it’s more likely … Read more
There is actually a (subtle) difference between the two. Imagine you have the following code in File1.cs: // File1.cs using System; namespace Outer.Inner { class Foo { static void Bar() { double d = Math.PI; } } } Now imagine that someone adds another file (File2.cs) to the project that looks like this: // File2.cs … Read more
Contrary to the answers here, you DON’T need to worry about encoding if the bytes don’t need to be interpreted! Like you mentioned, your goal is, simply, to “get what bytes the string has been stored in”. (And, of course, to be able to re-construct the string from the bytes.) For those goals, I honestly … Read more
Common operators to overload Most of the work in overloading operators is boiler-plate code. That is little wonder, since operators are merely syntactic sugar, their actual work could be done by (and often is forwarded to) plain functions. But it is important that you get this boiler-plate code right. If you fail, either your operator’s … Read more
Answer recommended by Intel
Introduction C++ treats variables of user-defined types with value semantics. This means that objects are implicitly copied in various contexts, and we should understand what “copying an object” actually means. Let us consider a simple example: class person { std::string name; int age; public: person(const std::string& name, int age) : name(name), age(age) { } }; … Read more
Catch System.Exception and switch on the types catch (Exception ex) { if (ex is FormatException || ex is OverflowException) { WebId = Guid.Empty; return; } throw; }