What’s the console.log() of java?

The Log class:

API for sending log output.

Generally, use the Log.v() Log.d() Log.i() Log.w() and Log.e()
methods.

The order in terms of verbosity, from least to most is ERROR, WARN,
INFO, DEBUG, VERBOSE. Verbose should never be compiled into an
application except during development. Debug logs are compiled in but
stripped at runtime. Error, warning and info logs are always kept.

Outside of Android, System.out.println(String msg) is used.