Argument is often used in the sense of actual argument vs. formal parameter. The formal parameter is what is given in the function declaration/definition/prototype, while the actual argument is what is passed when calling the function — an instance of a formal parameter, if you will. That being said, they are often used interchangeably, their … Read more
Stateless means there is no memory of the past. Every transaction is performed as if it were being done for the very first time. Stateful means that there is memory of the past. Previous transactions are remembered and may affect the current transaction. Stateless: // The state is derived by what is passed into the … Read more
What “exactly” an API key is used for depends very much on who issues it, and what services it’s being used for. By and large, however, an API key is the name given to some form of secret token which is submitted alongside web service (or similar) requests in order to identify the origin of … Read more
One common use is “…to allow fast full-text searching.” The two types denote directionality. One takes you forward through the index, and the other takes you backward (the inverse) through the index. That’s it. There’s no mystery to uncover here. Otherwise the two types are identical, it’s just a question of what information you have, … Read more
=====> COMPILATION PROCESS <====== | |—-> Input is Source file(.c) | V +=================+ | | | C Preprocessor | | | +=================+ | | —> Pure C file ( comd:cc -E <file.name> ) | V +=================+ | | | Lexical Analyzer| | | +—————–+ | | | Syntax Analyzer | | | +—————–+ | | … Read more
Cluster differs from Cloud and Grid in that a cluster is a group of computers connected by a local area network (LAN), whereas cloud and grid are more wide scale and can be geographically distributed. Another way to put it is to say that a cluster is tightly coupled, whereas a Grid or a cloud … Read more
This is based on the Expression Evaluator grammar by Terrence Parr. The grammar for this example: grammar Expr002; options { output=AST; ASTLabelType=CommonTree; // type of $stat.tree ref etc… } prog : ( stat )+ ; stat : expr NEWLINE -> expr | ID ‘=’ expr NEWLINE -> ^(‘=’ ID expr) | NEWLINE -> ; expr … Read more
The term ‘wrapper’ gets thrown around a lot. Generally its used to describe a class which contains an instance of another class, but which does not directly expose that instance. The wrapper’s main purpose is to provide a ‘different’ way to use wrapped object (perhaps the wrapper provides a simpler interface, or adds some functionality). … Read more
Byte: Today, a byte is almost always 8 bit. However, that wasn’t always the case and there’s no “standard” or something that dictates this. Since 8 bits is a convenient number to work with it became the de facto standard. Word: The natural size with which a processor is handling data (the register size). The … Read more
http://php.net/manual/en/language.types.array.php <?php $array = array( “foo” => “bar”, “bar” => “foo”, ); // as of PHP 5.4 $array = [ “foo” => “bar”, “bar” => “foo”, ]; ?> Standard arrays can be used that way.