There’s no exact counterpart to Java’s getClass() in JavaScript. Mostly that’s due to JavaScript being a prototype-based language, as opposed to Java being a class-based one. Depending on what you need getClass() for, there are several options in JavaScript: typeof instanceof obj.constructor func.prototype, proto.isPrototypeOf A few examples: function Foo() {} var foo = new Foo(); … Read more
In Python, what is the purpose of __slots__ and what are the cases one should avoid this? TLDR: The special attribute __slots__ allows you to explicitly state which instance attributes you expect your object instances to have, with the expected results: faster attribute access. space savings in memory. The space savings is from Storing value … Read more
From New-style and classic classes: Up to Python 2.1, old-style classes were the only flavour available to the user. The concept of (old-style) class is unrelated to the concept of type: if x is an instance of an old-style class, then x.__class__ designates the class of x, but type(x) is always <type ‘instance’>. This reflects … Read more
You use: public scope to make that property/method available from anywhere, other classes and instances of the object. private scope when you want your property/method to be visible in its own class only. protected scope when you want to make your property/method visible in all classes that extend current class including the parent class. If … Read more
The blog post you quoted overstates its claim a bit. FP doesn’t eliminate the need for design patterns. The term “design patterns” just isn’t widely used to describe the same thing in FP languages. But they exist. Functional languages have plenty of best practice rules of the form “when you encounter problem X, use code … Read more
A great example illustrating LSP (given by Uncle Bob in a podcast I heard recently) was how sometimes something that sounds right in natural language doesn’t quite work in code. In mathematics, a Square is a Rectangle. Indeed it is a specialization of a rectangle. The “is a” makes you want to model this with … Read more
The differences between a class and a struct in C++ is: struct members and base classes/structs are public by default. class members and base classes/struts are private by default. Both classes and structs can have a mixture of public, protected and private members, can use inheritance and can have member functions. I would recommend you: … Read more
A mixin is a special kind of multiple inheritance. There are two main situations where mixins are used: You want to provide a lot of optional features for a class. You want to use one particular feature in a lot of different classes. For an example of number one, consider werkzeug’s request and response system. … Read more
The reason you need to use self. is because Python does not use the @ syntax to refer to instance attributes. Python decided to do methods in a way that makes the instance to which the method belongs be passed automatically, but not received automatically: the first parameter of methods is the instance the method … Read more
I asked a similar question, but where possible I try to copy the names already in the .NET framework, and I look for ideas in the Java and Android frameworks. It seems Helper, Manager, and Util are the unavoidable nouns you attach for coordinating classes that contain no state and are generally procedural and static. … Read more