Message Oriented protocols send data in distinct chunks or groups. The receiver of data can determine where one message ends and another begins. Stream protocols send a continuous flow of data. Here is an example with mobile phones. Text messages would be a message oriented protocol as each text message is distinct from the other … Read more
HTTP 1.1 uses US-ASCII as basic character set for the request line in requests, the status line in responses (except the reason phrase) and the field names but allows any octet in the field values and the message body.
If you’re using Chrome, you can navigate to chrome://webrtc-internals. This will show you the offer, answer, ICE states, and statistics about the connection (once it has been established). For more in-depth debugging, you can see logs of all the STUN pings between candidates by starting Chrome with the following flags: –enable-logging –v=4 The logs will … Read more
Another interesting question that arises is of BitTorrent because they can work on any device and even behind a NAT. I am not able to get any explanation of how BitTorrent works. This statement looks like you assume that bittorrent needs full connectivity to operate. That is incorrect. Behind a NAT device you will still … Read more
Thanks to this article for getting me somewhere with the error message. The issue is the necessary network protocols are disabled by default in SQL Server Express. I had to go to Sql Server Configuration Manager locally and turn on “Named Pipes” and “TCP/IP”. After that, you need to restart the SQL Server Browser and … Read more
Bandwidth is the maximum amount of data that can travel through a ‘channel’. Throughput is how much data actually does travel through the ‘channel’ successfully. This can be limited by a ton of different things including latency, and what protocol you are using.
Let’s break this up into parts. First of, the network is based in IP, which is a protocol that assigns an address to each network node, and which allows you to send small amounts of data (usually up to 64kB, but typically only 1500B) from one node to another. That by itself isn’t worth much … Read more
A TCP connection is specified by the tuple (source IP, source port, destination IP, destination port). The reason why there is a TIME_WAIT state following session shutdown is because there may still be live packets out in the network on their way to you (or from you which may solicit a response of some sort). … Read more
RFC1700 stated it must be so. (and defined network byte order as big-endian). The convention in the documentation of Internet Protocols is to express numbers in decimal and to picture data in “big-endian” order [COHEN]. That is, fields are described left to right, with the most significant octet on the left and the least significant … Read more
If you are using Http Client version 4.3 and above you should be using this: RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(30 * 1000).build(); HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();