Get model’s fields in Django

_meta is private, but it’s relatively stable. There are efforts to formalise it, document it and remove the underscore, which might happen before 1.3 or 1.4. I imagine effort will be made to ensure things are backwards compatible, because lots of people have been using it anyway. If you’re particularly concerned about compatibility, write a … Read more

List all base classes in a hierarchy of given class?

inspect.getmro(cls) works for both new and old style classes and returns the same as NewClass.mro(): a list of the class and all its ancestor classes, in the order used for method resolution. >>> class A(object): >>> pass >>> >>> class B(A): >>> pass >>> >>> import inspect >>> inspect.getmro(B) (<class ‘__main__.B’>, <class ‘__main__.A’>, <type ‘object’>)

What does the slash mean in help() output?

It signifies the end of the positional only parameters, parameters you cannot use as keyword parameters. Before Python 3.8, such parameters could only be specified in the C API. It means the key argument to __contains__ can only be passed in by position (range(5).__contains__(3)), not as a keyword argument (range(5).__contains__(key=3)), something you can do with … Read more

How to get the caller’s method name in the called method?

inspect.getframeinfo and other related functions in inspect can help: >>> import inspect >>> def f1(): f2() … >>> def f2(): … curframe = inspect.currentframe() … calframe = inspect.getouterframes(curframe, 2) … print(‘caller name:’, calframe[1][3]) … >>> f1() caller name: f1 this introspection is intended to help debugging and development; it’s not advisable to rely on it … Read more

How to get method parameter names?

Take a look at the inspect module – this will do the inspection of the various code object properties for you. >>> inspect.getfullargspec(a_method) ([‘arg1’, ‘arg2’], None, None, None) The other results are the name of the *args and **kwargs variables, and the defaults provided. ie. >>> def foo(a, b, c=4, *arglist, **keywords): pass >>> inspect.getfullargspec(foo) … Read more

How do I look inside a Python object?

Python has a strong set of introspection features. Take a look at the following built-in functions: type() dir() id() getattr() hasattr() globals() locals() callable() type() and dir() are particularly useful for inspecting the type of an object and its set of attributes, respectively.

Hata!: SQLSTATE[HY000] [1045] Access denied for user 'divattrend_liink'@'localhost' (using password: YES)