Array of hashes to hash

You may use a.reduce Hash.new, :merge which directly yields {:a=>:b, :c=>:d} Note that in case of collisions the order is important. Latter hashes override previous mappings, see e.g.: [{a: :b}, {c: :d}, {e: :f, a: :g}].reduce Hash.new, :merge # {:a=>:g, :c=>:d, :e=>:f}

Ruby on Rails: Submitting an array in a form

If your html form has input fields with empty square brackets, then they will be turned into an array inside params in the controller. # Eg multiple input fields all with the same name: <input type=”textbox” name=”course[track_codes][]” …> # will become the Array params[“course”][“track_codes”] # with an element for each of the input fields with … Read more

What is the Difference between a Hash and MAC (Message Authentication code)?

The main difference is conceptual: while hashes are used to guarantee the integrity of data, a MAC guarantees integrity AND authentication. This means that a hashcode is blindly generated from the message without any kind of external input: what you obtain is something that can be used to check if the message got any alteration … Read more

What is the default hash function used in C++ std::unordered_map?

The function object std::hash<> is used. Standard specializations exist for all built-in types, and some other standard library types such as std::string and std::thread. See the link for the full list. For other types to be used in a std::unordered_map, you will have to specialize std::hash<> or create your own function object. The chance of … Read more

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