What does the ~> symbol mean in a bundler Gemfile? [duplicate]
From the bundler website: The specifier ~> has a special meaning, best shown by example: ‘~> 2.0.3’ is identical to ‘>= 2.0.3‘ and ‘< 2.1.’ ‘~> 2.1’ is identical to ‘>= 2.1’ and ‘< 3.0’. ‘~> 2.2.beta’ will match prerelease versions like ‘2.2.beta.12’. See https://bundler.io/gemfile.html and http://guides.rubygems.org/patterns/#pessimistic-version-constraint