You could declare a variable as a temporary table like this:
declare @myList table (Id int)
Which means you can use the insert statement to populate it with values:
insert into @myList values (1), (2), (5), (7), (10)
Then your select statement can use either the in statement:
select * from DBTable
where id in (select Id from @myList)
Or you could join to the temporary table like this:
select *
from DBTable d
join @myList t on t.Id = d.Id
And if you do something like this a lot then you could consider defining a user-defined table type so you could then declare your variable like this:
declare @myList dbo.MyTableType