If you are doing something a one-off styling, you can use the inline style, it worked for me.
<FormControl style={{minWidth: 120}}> // this line
<InputLabel htmlFor="selected-language">Language</InputLabel>
<Select value={this.state.selectedLanguage}
onChange={(e) => this.onLanguageChange(e.target.value)}
inputProps={{
name: 'language',
id: 'selected-language',
}}>
{menuItems}
</Select>
</FormControl>

If you would reuse it in more code and want to avoid code duplication, you will probably want to work with Themes