Separate sections in Python [closed]

Top level use modules, implement separate parts in their respective modules, then refer to those in your main:

import random
import time

if time.time() > random.random():
    pass

Next level (optional, use sparingly) use classes

class Foo:
    def function1():
        pass

class Bar:
    def function2():
        pass

Next level, what you need, use functions

def connect(...):
    filename = ...
    params = ...(filename)
    return mysql.connect(*params)

def mainloop(...):
    for xx in connect():
        pass

Sublevel use blocks

def foo(path=None, port=None):
    if not path:
        filename = ...
        path = ...(filename)

    if not port:
        foobar = ...
        port = ...(foobar)

    xxx.connect(path, port)

Subsublevel use blank lines and comments

def foo(...):
    bar.bar()

    assert path  # <-- this is essentially a comment
    smth_with(path)
    some_other()
    data = xxx.yyy()

    assert data
    foo = blahblah
    bar = lambda: blahblah
    filtered = filter(yada, data)

    # data is clean at this point  # <-- an actual comment
    for x, y in data:
        foo.bar.baz()

Final thoughts large comment blocks like in OQ show “code smell.” You are right to start wondering how to organise your code at this point 🙂