Ruby Benchmark module: meanings of “user”, “system”, and “real”?

These are the same times that the Unix time command or other typical benchmarking tools would report:

  • user: the amount of time spent executing userspace code (i.e.: your code),
  • system: the amount of time spent executing kernel code and
  • real: the “real” amount of time it took to execute the code (i.e. system + user + time spent waiting for I/O, network, disk, user input, etc.). Also known as “wallclock time”.

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