Yes, it is possible.
Right click the marker of the breakpoint and select “Edit breakpoint…” there you can set the condition.
From Chrome Developer Tools on Breakpoints at developers.google.com (Emphasis mine):
Note: All the breakpoints you have set appear under Breakpoints in the right-hand sidebar. Clicking on the entry jumps to the highlighted line in the source file. Once you have a breakpoint set, right click on the blue tag breakpoint indicator to set a conditional statement for that breakpoint. Type an expression and the breakpoint will only pause only if the condition is true.