Now by using Xcode 9 and iOS 11 it is possible to run apps by using Wi-Fi.
Connect the iPhone via USB, go into the device window (Cmd–Shift–2), select your phone, and check the connect via network box.
More thorough instructions with screenshots here
Pre-Xcode 9 answer:
Over Wi-Fi installing and debugging of applications is not possible in iOS.
But there are some websites where you can upload your builds and then download on device and test it.