Yes, although it’s full of gotchas, since JPA is a bit peculiar. It’s very much worth reading the documentation on injecting JPA EntityManager and EntityManagerFactory, without explicit Spring dependencies in your code:
http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.0.x/spring-framework-reference/html/orm.html#orm-jpa
This allows you to either inject the EntityManagerFactory, or else inject a thread-safe, transactional proxy of an EntityManager directly. The latter makes for simpler code, but means more Spring plumbing is required.