If you’re using docker-compose, you can set the your_service.shm_size value if you want your container to use that /dev/shm size when running or your_service.build.shm_size when building.
Example:
version: '3.5'
services:
your_service:
build:
context: .
shm_size: '2gb' <-- this will set the size when BUILDING
shm_size: '2gb' <-- when RUNNING
Link to source.