I’ve run into this issue with the latest Git on Windows (v2.17.1.windows.2) and solved it both for cmd and PowerShell by adding two directories to PATH:
C:\Program Files\Git\usr\binC:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\libexec\git-core

From elevated powershell you could set it using:
$env:Path += ";c:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin;C:\Program Files\Git\mingw64\libexec\git-core"
Set-ItemProperty -Path 'Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment' -Name PATH -Value $env:Path