How can I include a C header that uses a C++ keyword as an identifier in C++?

Use a macro to rename the fields:

#ifdef __clang__
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wkeyword-macro"
#endif
#define explicit explicit_
#ifdef __clang__
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
#endif

#include <xcb/xkb.h>

#undef explicit

Using a keyword as a macro name is ill-formed in standard C++, but GCC, Clang (with pragma), and MSVC do accept it. (The standard says you “shall not” do it, cppreference clarifies that it means “ill-formed”.)