As determined via comments, it appears that the OP is looking for
$ git log --name-status HEAD^..HEAD
This is also very close to the output you’d get from svn status or svn log -v, which many people coming from subversion to git are familiar with.
--name-status is the key here; as noted by other folks in this question, you can use git log -1, git show, and git diff to get the same sort of output. Personally, I tend to use git show <rev> when looking at individual revisions.