Solution

Run:

$ sudo apt update

Note this is apt and not apt-get

Then enter y to accept the change:

E: Repository 'http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release' changed its 'Origin' value from 'Google, Inc.' to 'Google LLC'
N: This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be applied. See apt-secure(8) manpage for details.
Do you want to accept these changes and continue updating from this repository? [y/N] y

The error will not show up again. You need to run sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade as usual to get your updates.

Details

As pointed out in the question, this error message is meant to ensure that the new entity named Google LLC you are fetching Google Chrome updates from is the same as Google, Inc. that your system trusts and knows its signature. By accepting the change, you are asking your system to trust Google LLC and accept Google Chrome updates from it in the future.