Does new ASP.NET MVC identity framework work without Entity Framework and SQL Server?

Not that simple. Not that hard either.

You’ll have to write your custom implementation of:

1. IUserStore<TUser>
2. IUserPasswordStore<TUser>
3. IUserTwoFactorStore<TUser>
4. IUserClaimStore<TUser>
5. IRoleStore<TRole>
6. IUserSecurityStampStore<TUser, string>
7. IUserRoleStore<TUser, string>
8. UserManager<TUser>

Then create your own user implementation, from IUser<TKey>, like:

public class MyUser : IUser<string>
{
    public string Id { get; set; }
    public string UserName { get; set; }
}

Finally, from NuGet, remove AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework, which will remove EntityFramework too if you’re not using it elsewhere.

Wherever your code breaks, rewrite it to use your custom implementations.

Tip

Create a MyUserRepository which implements items from 1 to 7.

Then, create a MyUserManager which implements item 8.

It will be damn easy to wire that up in place of default AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework classes.