On Linux, see netem: the kernel already contains support for traffic shaping, and can simulate high latency, low bandwidth, packet losses, and all sort of other adverse conditions, even on a loopback device (so you don’t need a real, physical network to test across).
Active and passive are the two modes that FTP can run in. For background, FTP actually uses two channels between client and server, the command and data channels, which are actually separate TCP connections. The command channel is for commands and responses while the data channel is for actually transferring files. This separation of command … Read more
This is one of my favorite questions. UDP is so misunderstood. In situations where you really want to get a simple answer to another server quickly, UDP works best. In general, you want the answer to be in one response packet, and you are prepared to implement your own protocol for reliability or to resend. … Read more
Connect to a non-routable IP address, such as 10.255.255.1.
Summary A TCP socket is an endpoint instance defined by an IP address and a port in the context of either a particular TCP connection or the listening state. A port is a virtualisation identifier defining a service endpoint (as distinct from a service instance endpoint aka session identifier). A TCP socket is not a … Read more