In C++11, there’s std::iota:
#include <vector>
#include <numeric> //std::iota
int main() {
std::vector<int> x(10);
std::iota(std::begin(x), std::end(x), 0); //0 is the starting number
}
C++20 introduced a lazy version (just like Python) as part of the ranges library:
#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
namespace views = std::views;
int main() {
for (int x : views::iota(0, 10)) {
std::cout << x << ' '; // 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
}
}