Your first thought was right: just add them to the URL.
Remember you can use template strings (backticks) to simplify putting variables into the query.
const data = {foo:1, bar:2};
fetch(`https://api.parse.com/1/users?foo=${encodeURIComponent(data.foo)}&bar=${encodeURIComponent(data.bar)}`, {
method: "GET",
headers: headers,
})