Where does PostgreSQL store the database?

To see where the data directory is, use this query.

show data_directory;

To see all the run-time parameters, use

show all;

You can create tablespaces to store database objects in other parts of the filesystem. To see tablespaces, which might not be in that data directory, use this query.

SELECT *, pg_tablespace_location(oid) FROM pg_tablespace;