When you run the pip, you can specify the logfile. This way you can track the installation logs in future.
pip install pylint --log LOG_FILE
Or you can set it in your pip.conf to be enabled by default:
[global]
log = <path>
Hope this helps.However this is not exactly what you asked. This is just to help achieve that.
For windows:
Quoting from https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/user_guide/#config-file
On Windows the configuration file is %APPDATA%\pip\pip.ini.
Note: Once you configure the global file it gets all those logs which you get when you run pip in verbose mode. This also means once you configure pip.conf file you dont need to run pip in verbose mode. It will log messages by default.