Try using apt-cache search, e.g.,
apt-cache search pcre
For me this turns up a lot so I grep for the keyword dev.
This turns up libpcre3-dev and libpcre++-dev.
lighttpd will use one of those no doubt.
So if your search shows libpcre3-dev, you can install using:
sudo apt install libpcre3-dev
However, is there any reason you’re compiling lighttpd yourself?
Why not install using apt?
Including lighttpd-dev, lighttpd-doc and some related modules.