What does the value attribute mean for checkboxes in HTML?

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I hope I understand your question right.

The value attribute defines a value which is sent by a POST request (i.e. You have an HTML form submitted to a server).
Now the server gets the name (if defined) and the value. 

<form method="post" action="urlofserver">
    <input type="checkbox" name="mycheckbox" value="1">Is it worth?</input>
</form>

The server would receive mycheckbox with the value of 1.

in PHP, this POST variable is stored in an array as $_POST['mycheckbox'] which contains 1.

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