What does -ex option used in bash | #!/bin/bash -ex mean

According to Add tack e x on your bash shebang | #!/bin/bash -ex

Bash scripts can use various options on the shebang (#!/bin/bash). A more common one is: ‘#!/bin/bash -ex’.

-e Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
-x Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.

In short, adding -ex to your #!/bin/bash will give verbose output and also will abort your script immediately if part of the script fails.