You’re looking for @Html.Action and @Html.Partial.
They allow you to either render a partial view or a full blown controller action in a view. This is a common pattern of reuse in MVC land.
Occasionally you would want to make displayFor or editorFor templates, if a controller action is too heavy. The rule of thumb is if you need to do it multiple times on the page and it needs to be posted back in a form, think about doing it in a template.
Controls in asp.net cover a rather large swath which MVC granularizes a bit more.