In real mode to address the first full 1MiB of memory a mechanism called 20-bit segment:offset addressing is used. 0xb8000 is a physical memory address. You need to use something called a far pointer that allows you to address memory with real mode segmentation. The different types of pointers are described in this Stackoverflow Answer … Read more
There’s no problem with this program. (Except probably some stylistic issues — using namespace std is not recommended). The problem is with Turbo C++. It is a very old piece of software. It implements a dialect of C++, so-called pre-ANSI C++, that has completely fallen out of use by the beginning of this millennium. The … Read more
Including <bits/stdc++.h> appears to be an increasingly common thing to see on Stack Overflow, perhaps something newly added to a national curriculum in the current academic year. I imagine the advantages are vaguely given thus: You only need write one #include line. You do not need to look up which standard header everything is in. … Read more