Use parentheses ()’s to combine the commands into a single process, which will concatenate the stdout of each of them. Example 1 (note that $ is the shell prompt): $ (echo zzz; echo aaa; echo kkk) | sort aaa kkk zzz Example 2: (setopt; unsetopt; set) | sort
The whole point of a subshell is that it doesn’t affect the calling session. In bash a subshell is a child process, other shells differ but even then a variable setting in a subshell does not affect the caller. By definition. Do you need a subshell? If you just need a group then use braces: … Read more
What you could do, is register the top level shell for the TERM signal to exit, and then send a TERM to the top level shell: #!/bin/bash trap “exit 1” TERM export TOP_PID=$$ function func() { echo “Goodbye” kill -s TERM $TOP_PID } echo “Function call will abort” echo $(func) echo “This will never be … Read more
$$ is defined to return the process ID of the parent in a subshell; from the man page under “Special Parameters”: $ Expands to the process ID of the shell. In a () subshell, it expands to the process ID of the current shell, not the subshell. In bash 4, you can get the process … Read more