Change the last line to q + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = 0.5, hjust=1)) By default, the axes are aligned at the center of the text, even when rotated. When you rotate +/- 90 degrees, you usually want it to be aligned at the edge instead: The image above is from this blog … Read more
We need to cover at least these aspects to provide a comprehensive answer/comparison (in no particular order of importance): Speed, Memory usage, Syntax and Features. My intent is to cover each one of these as clearly as possible from data.table perspective. Note: unless explicitly mentioned otherwise, by referring to dplyr, we refer to dplyr’s data.frame … Read more
The difference in assignment operators is clearer when you use them to set an argument value in a function call. For example: median(x = 1:10) x ## Error: object ‘x’ not found In this case, x is declared within the scope of the function, so it does not exist in the user workspace. median(x <- … Read more
See my comment in @gsk3 answer. A simple example: > m <- matrix(sample(c(NA, 1:10), 100, replace = TRUE), 10) > d <- as.data.frame(m) V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 1 4 3 NA 3 7 6 6 10 6 5 2 9 8 9 5 10 NA 2 1 7 2 … Read more
You can use a simple list of names : DF <- data.frame( x=1:10, y=10:1, z=rep(5,10), a=11:20 ) drops <- c(“x”,”z”) DF[ , !(names(DF) %in% drops)] Or, alternatively, you can make a list of those to keep and refer to them by name : keeps <- c(“y”, “a”) DF[keeps] EDIT : For those still not acquainted … Read more
Also check complete.cases : > final[complete.cases(final), ] gene hsap mmul mmus rnor cfam 2 ENSG00000199674 0 2 2 2 2 6 ENSG00000221312 0 1 2 3 2 na.omit is nicer for just removing all NA‘s. complete.cases allows partial selection by including only certain columns of the dataframe: > final[complete.cases(final[ , 5:6]),] gene hsap mmul mmus … Read more
R has many *apply functions which are ably described in the help files (e.g. ?apply). There are enough of them, though, that beginning useRs may have difficulty deciding which one is appropriate for their situation or even remembering them all. They may have a general sense that “I should be using an *apply function here”, … Read more
You can use the order() function directly without resorting to add-on tools — see this simpler answer which uses a trick right from the top of the example(order) code: R> dd[with(dd, order(-z, b)), ] b x y z 4 Low C 9 2 2 Med D 3 1 1 Hi A 8 1 3 Hi … Read more
By using the merge function and its optional parameters: Inner join: merge(df1, df2) will work for these examples because R automatically joins the frames by common variable names, but you would most likely want to specify merge(df1, df2, by = “CustomerId”) to make sure that you were matching on only the fields you desired. You … Read more
Basically, a minimal reproducible example (MRE) should enable others to exactly reproduce your issue on their machines. Please do not post images of your data, code, or console output! tl;dr A MRE consists of the following items: a minimal dataset, necessary to demonstrate the problem the minimal runnable code necessary to reproduce the issue, which … Read more