You should run supervisorctl with -c as well. From the documentation (my emphasis):
The Supervisor configuration file is conventionally named
supervisord.conf. It is used by bothsupervisordandsupervisorctl. If
either application is started without the-coption (the option which
is used to tell the application the configuration filename
explicitly), the application will look for a file named
supervisord.conf within the following locations, in the specified
order. It will use the first file it finds.
$CWD/supervisord.conf$CWD/etc/supervisord.conf/etc/supervisord.conf