I faced exactly the same issue. I did not see the ERR_CONNECTION_REFUSED in socket.io@~0.9. The error surfaced after I upgraded socket.io to 1.3.
I solved it by simply removing the URL from the client side constructor:
Change
var socket = io('http://localhost');
To
var socket = io();
As the socket.io tutorial showed: http://socket.io/get-started/chat/