Use just this:
$(this).removeClass("test");
There is no need to check for class existence.
From jQuery sources we can see that removeClass method uses replace method to remove the substring:
className = (" " + elem.className + " ").replace(rclass, " ");
for (c = 0, cl = classNames.length; c < cl; c++) {
className = className.replace(" " + classNames[c] + " ", " ");
}
And replace won’t remove anything if the matching substring does not exist.