TLDNR: \p{Egyptian_Hieroglyphs}
Javascript
Egyptian_Hieroglyphs belong to the “astral” plane that uses more than 16 bits to encode a character. Javascript, as of ES5, doesn’t support astral planes (more on that) therefore you have to use surrogate pairs. The first surrogate is
U+13000 = d80c dc00
the last one is
U+1342E = d80d dc2e
that gives
re = /(\uD80C[\uDC00-\uDFFF]|\uD80D[\uDC00-\uDC2E])+/g
t = document.getElementById("pyramid").innerHTML
document.write("<h1>Found</h1>" + t.match(re))
<div id="pyramid">
some 𓀀 really 𓀁 old 𓐬 stuff 𓐭 𓐮
</div>
This is what it looks like with Noto Sans Egyptian Hieroglyphs installed:

Other languages
On platforms that support UCS-4 you can use Egyptian codepoints 13000 to 1342F directly, but the syntax differs from system to system. For example, in Python (3.3 up) it will be [\U00013000-\U0001342E]:
>>> s = "some \U+13000 really \U+13001 old \U+1342C stuff \U+1342D \U+1342E"
>>> s
'some 𓀀 really 𓀁 old 𓐬 stuff 𓐭 𓐮'
>>> import re
>>> re.findall('[\U00013000-\U0001342E]', s)
['𓀀', '𓀁', '𓐬', '𓐭', '𓐮']
Finally, if your regex engine supports unicode properties, you can (and should) use these instead of hardcoded ranges. For example in php/pcre:
$str = " some 𓀀 really 𓀁 old 𓐬 stuff 𓐭 𓐮";
preg_match_all('~\p{Egyptian_Hieroglyphs}~u', $str, $m);
print_r($m);
prints
[0] => Array
(
[0] => 𓀀
[1] => 𓀁
[2] => 𓐬
[3] => 𓐭
[4] => 𓐮
)