<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:id="@+id/gradientDrawble"> // Give id
<shape android:shape="rectangle">
<solid android:color="#000000" /> // CHANGE THIS COLOR
</shape>
</item>
<item android:left="5dp">
<shape android:shape="rectangle">
<solid android:color="@color/bg" />
</shape>
</item>
</layer-list>
Then in you code just add
LayerDrawable layerDrawable = (LayerDrawable) getResources()
.getDrawable(R.drawable.my_drawable);
GradientDrawable gradientDrawable = (GradientDrawable) layerDrawable
.findDrawableByLayerId(R.id.gradientDrawble);
gradientDrawable.setColor(color); // change color
Update Oct-2016
getDrawable() is now deprecated, you should use ContextCompat.getDrawable(context, color) instead.
Beside, if you get the LayerDrawable by findDrawableByLayerId(), then you had to call view.setBackground(layerDrawable) for this to take effect. Alternatively, instantiating the layerDrawable by view.getBackground() also worked.