If you declare var myString: NSString? as an optional then you need to make sure it has a value before you pass it to the NSLog.
So you could do it like this then NSLog("%@" , myString!). If myString is nil and you put ! the program will crash and you will get
fatal error: unexpectedly found nil while unwrapping an Optional value.
But if it has a value the program will continue as normal and print out
2016-10-03 10:26:25.077 Swift3.0[65214:1579363] Test
I wrote myString = "Test".
Another example as @Grimxn mentioned is the coalescing operator.
NSLog("%@", myString ?? "<nil>")