MySQL queries are not case-sensitive by default. Following is a simple query that is looking for 'value'. However it will return 'VALUE', 'value', 'VaLuE', etc…
SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `column` = 'value'
The good news is that if you need to make a case-sensitive query, it is very easy to do using the BINARY operator, which forces a byte by byte comparison:
SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE BINARY `column` = 'value'