References are not pointers.
8.3.2/1:
A reference shall be initialized to
refer to a valid object or function.
[Note: in particular, a null reference
cannot exist in a well-defined
program, because the only way to
create such a reference would be to
bind it to the “object” obtained by
dereferencing a null pointer, which
causes undefined behavior. As
described in 9.6, a reference cannot
be bound directly to a bit-field. ]
1.9/4:
Certain other operations are described
in this International Standard as
undefined (for example, the effect of
dereferencing the null pointer)
As Johannes says in a deleted answer, there’s some doubt whether “dereferencing a null pointer” should be categorically stated to be undefined behavior. But this isn’t one of the cases that raise doubts, since a null pointer certainly does not point to a “valid object or function”, and there is no desire within the standards committee to introduce null references.