If we assume that an extension is any series of letters, numbers, underscore or dash after the last dot in the file name, then:
filename = filename.replace(/(\.[\w\d_-]+)$/i, '_large$1');
If we assume that an extension is any series of letters, numbers, underscore or dash after the last dot in the file name, then:
filename = filename.replace(/(\.[\w\d_-]+)$/i, '_large$1');