In Xcode how do I create a new workspace and add 1 project to it so that I can see the project and its files?

First choose file > new > Workspace…

Then, you must first, and this is important, you must first close the project that you want to drag in. Than drag in the .xcodeproj file from the finder to your new workspace. Then it will appear properly and expand to show all of its files and your schemes will be available.