Django 3.0 has built-in support for Enums

Example:

from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _

class Student(models.Model):

    class YearInSchool(models.TextChoices):
        FRESHMAN = 'FR', _('Freshman')
        SOPHOMORE = 'SO', _('Sophomore')
        JUNIOR = 'JR', _('Junior')
        SENIOR = 'SR', _('Senior')
        GRADUATE = 'GR', _('Graduate')

    year_in_school = models.CharField(
        max_length=2,
        choices=YearInSchool.choices,
        default=YearInSchool.FRESHMAN,
    )

These work similar to enum from Python’s standard library, but with some modifications:

• Enum member values are a tuple of arguments to use when constructing the concrete data type. Django supports adding an extra string value to the end of this tuple to be used as the human-readable name, or label. The label can be a lazy translatable string. Thus, in most cases, the member value will be a (value, label) two-tuple. If a tuple is not provided, or the last item is not a (lazy) string, the label is automatically generated from the member name.
• A .label property is added on values, to return the human-readable name.
  A number of custom properties are added to the enumeration classes – .choices, .labels, .values, and .names – to make it easier to access lists of those separate parts of the enumeration. Use .choices as a suitable value to pass to choices in a field definition.
• The use of enum.unique() is enforced to ensure that values cannot be defined multiple times. This is unlikely to be expected in choices for a field.

For more info, check the documentation

Note:

As @Danielle Madeley pointed out, if you try to access the year_in_school attribute directly Django still returns the raw string instead of the Enum object:

>>> student.year_in_school
'FR'

What I usually do is to create a helper method that returns the Enum object:

class Student(models.Model):
    ...

    def get_year_in_school(self) -> YearInSchool:
        # Get value from choices enum
        return self.YearInSchool[self.year_in_school]